In the final step of gamete division, however, called meiosis, each new cell receives only one chromosome from each original pair. Prenatal development starts at conception and ends with the birth of your baby. The twoweek period after conception is called the germinal stage. Prenatal development and infancy birth, of course, does not mark the beginning of human development. Read about the changes that take place during each trimester in figure 19. Prenatal development concepts chapter summary and learning objectives. The first two weeks of development are concerned with simple cell multiplication. Stages of prenatal development stages of prenatal development conception germinal embryonic fetal conception conception occurs when a sperm cell penetrates. Your egg is fertilized 12 to 24 hours later if a sperm penetrates it and this simple biological occurrence begins a series of increasingly complicated processes that leads to a. It is very important to know stages of prenatal development, because this way you will know how your child is growing and what is happening inside you. It is unclear what the contribution of prenatal versus childhood development is for adult cognitive and sensory function and agerelated decline in function.
Factors affecting prenatal development the elaborate details of life begin with a single cell that develops into a full term fetus within approximately 40 weeks, 280 days or 10 lunar months. Prenatal development and the 3 stages biology dictionary. Three stages germinal stage zygote embryonic stage embryo fetal stage fetus principles of development. This tiny mass of cells then adheres to the inside wall of the uterus. Serious damage is most likely to occur during the embyronic period because that is when foundations for body parts are developed. However, you do not have to read the description of embryonic or fetal development for gestational. Factors affecting prenatal development essay 1145 words. These publications, plus same roff and chandler 1975, fra me this articles. Child growth and development pregnancy and prenatal. Learn stages of prenatal development with free interactive flashcards.
This process can be divided into three distinct stages. Compare the images to see the growth of the fetus in each trimester. Stages of prenatal development the process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. See month by month ultrasound images of your baby in the womb. Prenatal development true or false one that can successfully fertilize the study of development begins at birth. Prenatal development takes about 38 weeks to complete and goes through these three developmental stages. If prenatal conditions are favorable, the child will grow normally and get a good start in life. Although much of prenatal development occurs within the physical domain, developments in the cognitive and psychosocial domains also emerge at this time. Prenatal period chapter ii child and adolescent period 2. Prenatal development, the process encompassing the period from the formation of an embryo, through the development of a fetus, to birth.
Begins at conception when the sperm and egg cells fuse in a fallopian tube. Prenatal development is also organized into three equal trimesters, which do not correspond with the three stages. Stages of prenatal development divided into three periods. The process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. Healthy weight gain during pregnancy is 2530 lbs and folic acid is important in neural tube development. Development happens quickly during the prenatal period, which is the time between conception and birth. Nov 28, 2018 in recent years there has been a growing realization that the period between conception and birth is a crucial one for the development of the individual. However, you do not have to read the description of embryonic or fetal development for gestational age. By the eighth week of pregnancy, your baby will change names from an embryo to a fetus.
Conception the union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell to form a new organism. Conception occurs when a sperm cell combines with an egg cell. The prenatal development period covers the time from conception to birth and is sometimes described in terms of trimesters first, second, and third or of three stages germinal, embryonic, and fetal. Nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development. Prenatal development is the process that occurs during the 40 weeks prior to the birth of a child. Introduction three stages of prenatal development germinal period fertilization and implantation embryonic period support systems general growthchange sex differentiation fetal period advantages of fullterm fetus. The nine months of pregnancy will give you time to have your questions answered, calm your fears, and prepare yourself for the realities of parenthood.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Explain how the developing embryo and fetus may be harmed by the presence of teratogens and describe what a mother can do to reduce her risk. In most cases, prenatal development occurs normally and follows the established patterns of development with little variation. Emotional stress intense stress during pregnancy can cause miscarriage, prematurity, cleft palate and heart deformities maternal age women who wait until 30s or 40s to have children. Promoting healthy prenatal development prenatal development is divided into three distinct stages these are the zygote, embryo and the real sense these three periods are a representation of continuous phases of development during which the developing organism is sustained and protected by amniotic sac, placenta and umbical cord and. Fetal development is the third of the three stages of prenatal development, following from the initial germinal stage preembryonic stage, and stage of embryonic development. The presentation explains the definition of conception, the 3 stages of prenatal development giving monthtomonth brief explanations, the 3 stages of labor and 4 possible bi. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Conception occurs when an egg from the mother is fertilized by a sperm from the father. Characteristics of the period prenatal development o how life begins o ovulation, fertilization, conception o genetic and chromosomal abnormalities o multiple births o in vitro fertilization stagesperiods of prenatal development environmental effects on prenatal. The effect of prenatal and childhood development on. Most often the babys head moves to the lower part of the uterus.
During this time, his physical growth and motor development will. It takes about 40 weeks or nine months to create a new life, and your pregnancy is broken into three, 12week. This process is also known as embryology or antenatal development and it normally lasts for 40 weeks. Read more to know about prenatal stages along with problems and risks associated in it. Conception conception is the union of the mothers and fathers sex cells, also known as gametes or germ cells. Each prenatal stage has a sensitive period in which development is especially susceptible to damage. In the period of zygote, teratogens have little impact. Lets take a look at what happens to the developing baby in each of these stages. By understanding the stages of its growth, you can be well prepared to handle any issues that may arise during this time. Pregnancy is a time of anticipation, excitement, preparation, and, for many new parents, uncertainty.
Jul 31, 2011 factors affecting prenatal development the elaborate details of life begin with a single cell that develops into a full term fetus within approximately 40 weeks, 280 days or 10 lunar months. Most kids are born after some 9 months spent in their moms stomach. Stages of growth within 24 hours after fertilization, the egg that will become your baby rapidly divides into many cells. Periods and stages of the prenatal development of the.
Rosemary boon from a single fertilized egg of about 0. Domestic dogs, domestic cats, and ferrets are the only carnivoran domestic species in which a more or less comprehensive documentation of prenatal development was possible in the past. May 09, 2018 a babys development takes place rapidly during the prenatal period. It includes pictures, illustrations and drawings at two week increments along with relevant information about the possibility of the unborn infants survival. The course of this prenatal development is divided into three main periods. The process of growth and development within the womb, in which a singlecell zygote the cell formed by the combination of a sperm and an egg becomes an embryo, a fetus, and then a baby. From beginning as a onecell structure to your birth, your prenatal development occurred in an orderly and delicate sequence. This period is generally divided into three stages.
These nine months are divided into three 3month periods called trimesters. However, a number of things, usually caused by genetics or environmental problems, can go wrong during this time. In recent years there has been a growing realization that the period between conception and birth is a crucial one for the development of the individual. As a result, much of our development occurs in a rather stimulating environment, which is both a challenge and a source of opportunity even so, a great deal of development occurs prenatally. Maternal health since the placenta cannot filter out extremely small disease carriers, such as viruses, children can be born with malaria, measles, chicken pox, mumps, syphilis, or other venereal diseases that have been. These stages are also referred to in pregnancy as terms or trimesters from the 10th week of gestation 8th week of development, the developing organism is called a fetus. The fertilized egg singlecelled zygote moves to the uterus. Learn how embryos develop and grow during pregnancy. Environmental influences cont maternal factors stress unusual stress during pregnancy at elevated risk of malformations. Two reference points are commonly used for determining the age of the fetus. Recent investigations suggest that certain factors play an important role in the development of a child during the prenatal period. The three stages of prenatal development are the germinal stage, the embryonic stage and the fetal stage. We examined hearing, vision and cognitive function in adulthood according to selfreported birth weight an index of prenatal development and adult height an index of early childhood development.
Cell division lasts 14 days begins 24 to 36 hours after conception. Take a peek inside the womb to see the stages of fetal development. May 11, 2016 take a peek inside the womb to see the stages of fetal development. The study of development begins at the moment of conception the sperm fight to be the only the egg.
The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage, the third through the eighth week is known as the embryonic period, and the time from the ninth week until birth is known as the fetal period. Mar 01, 2018 this feature is not available right now. Prenatal development proceeds through the germinal first 2 weeks, embryonic 2 weeks to 2 months, and fetal stages 2 months to birth as the zygote is differentiated into a human organism. Choose from 500 different sets of stages of prenatal development flashcards on quizlet. Teaching children the facts of life male and female reproduction birth defects, genetics, and heredity pregnancy stages of prenatal development labor, childbirth, and postpartum care. Nutrition the poorer the prenatal diet of the mother, the greater loss in the babys brain weight. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Prenatal development nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development. The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage. Much of development is generated by the fetus itself. In order to have a healthy baby at the end of the term, there are a few factors which have to be. In the early stages of development, gametes divide as all other cells do a process called mitosis, with each set of 23 chromosome pairs duplicat ing itself.
Investigate the earliest stages in the human life cycle those that take place before birth. I intellectual development involves changes in the brain and the the different stages of life from prenatal development through death. Essay factors affecting prenatal development 14 words. This article aims to examine the factors affecting prenatal development, significantly, before and during pregnancy with respect to the development of a childs personality at later stages of life. Prenatal determinants of early behavioral and cognitive.